Zonyamula zakudyaali m'gulu limodzi mwamagulu oyesa zida zopangira chakudya, makamaka zopangidwa ndi pulasitiki, monga matumba a polyethylene, matumba a polypropylene, matumba a polyester, matumba onyamula a polyamide, matumba a polyvinylidene chloride, matumba a polycarbonate, matumba a polyvinyl mowa ndi zina. matumba atsopano azinthu za polima.
Ndizodziwika bwino kuti zinthu zina zapoizoni komanso zovulaza zimatha kupangidwa panthawi yobereketsa ndi kukonza zinthu zapulasitiki, kotero kuyang'ana kwabwino kwa matumba onyamula chakudya kuphatikiza kuwunika kwaukhondo kwakhala ulalo wofunikira kwambiri.
1.Chidule cha mayeso
Chifukwa chakethumba la chakudyaimakhudzana mwachindunji ndi chakudya chomwe timadya tsiku ndi tsiku, muyezo waukulu pakuwunika kwake ndikuti ndiukhondo.
Kuphatikiza zotsalira za evaporation (acetic acid, ethanol, n-hexane), kumwa kwa potaziyamu permanganate, zitsulo zolemera, ndi kuyesa kwa decolorization.Zotsalira za evaporation zikuwonetsa kuthekera koteromatumba onyamula zakudyaamatulutsa zotsalira ndi zitsulo zolemera akakumana ndi viniga, vinyo, mafuta ndi zakumwa zina pakagwiritsidwe ntchito.Zotsalira ndi zitsulo zolemera zidzakhala ndi zotsatira zoipa pa thanzi la munthu.Komanso, zotsalira zidzakhudza mwachindunji mtundu, fungo, kukoma ndi zina khalidwe chakudya.
Kuyendera muyezo wamatumba onyamula zakudya: zopangira ndi zowonjezera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'matumba zidzakwaniritsa zofunikira zamtundu wa dziko, ndipo zidzaonetsetsa kuti palibe poizoni kapena zovulaza zina zomwe zidzachitikire thupi la munthu.
Mayeso a Degradability: mtundu wowonongeka wazinthu zitha kugawidwa m'mitundu yazithunzi, mtundu wa biodegradation ndi mtundu wa kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe.Ngati ntchito yowonongeka ili yabwino, thumba lidzasweka, kusiyanitsa ndi kudzichepetsera palokha pansi pa mgwirizano wa kuwala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndipo potsirizira pake kukhala zinyalala, zomwe zidzavomerezedwa ndi chilengedwe, kuti zisawonongeke zoyera.
2.Zogwirizana ndi kuzindikira
Choyamba, kusindikiza matumba oyikapo kuyenera kukhala okhwima kwambiri, makamaka kwamatumba onyamula zakudyazomwe ziyenera kusindikizidwa kwathunthu.
Muyezo woyendera wamatumba onyamula zakudyaiyeneranso kuyang'aniridwa ndi mawonekedwe: mawonekedwe amatumba onyamula zakudyachizikhala chophwanyika, chopanda zipsera, zopsereza, thovu, mafuta osweka ndi makwinya ndipo chisindikizo cha kutentha chizikhala chophwanyika komanso chopanda chisindikizo chabodza.Nembanembayo idzakhala yopanda ming'alu, pores ndi kupatukana kwa wosanjikiza.Palibe kuipitsidwa monga zonyansa, zinthu zakunja ndi madontho amafuta.
Kuyang'ana mwatsatanetsatane: mafotokozedwe ake, m'lifupi, kutalika ndi makulidwe ake azikhala mkati mwazomwe zafotokozedwa.
Kuyesa kwakuthupi ndi kwamakina: mtundu wa thumba ndi wabwino.Kuyesa kwakuthupi ndi kwamakina kumaphatikizapo kulimba kwamphamvu komanso kutalika panthawi yopuma.Imawonetsa mphamvu yotambasula ya mankhwalawa panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito.Ngati luso lotambasula la mankhwalawa ndi losauka, ndilosavuta kusweka ndi kuwonongeka panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito.
Q: Momwe mungadziwire ngatimatumba apulasitikizitha kukhala zapoizoni komanso zopanda ukhondo?
A: Kuzindikira powotcha matumba apulasitiki:
Matumba apulasitiki opanda poizoni ndi osavuta kuwotcha.Mukayang'anitsitsa, mudzapeza kuti mtundu wa lawi lamoto kunsonga kwake ndi wachikasu, ndipo umagwa ngati kandulo ndi fungo la parafini.
Matumba apulasitiki oopsa si osavuta kuwotcha.Adzazimitsidwa atangochoka pagwero la moto.Nsonga yake ndi yachikasu ndipo mbali yake ndi yobiriwira.Pambuyo kuwotcha, iwo adzakhala mu chikhalidwe chopukutidwa.
3.Zinthu zoyesa
Zomverera bwino: thovu, makwinya, mizere yamadzi ndi mitambo, mikwingwirima, maso a nsomba ndi midadada yolimba, zolakwika zapamtunda, zonyansa, matuza, zolimba, kusafanana kwa kumapeto kwa filimuyo, magawo osindikiza kutentha.
Kupatuka kwa kukula: kutalika kwa thumba, kupatuka m'lifupi, kupatuka kwautali, kusindikiza ndi mtunda wa m'mphepete mwa thumba
Yesani zinthu zakuthupi ndi zamakina: mphamvu yolimba, kupsinjika kwadzidzidzi, mphamvu yamafuta, kugwetsa kolowera kumanja, kugunda kwa dart, mphamvu ya peel, chifunga, kufalitsa nthunzi yamadzi.
Zinthu zina: mayeso oletsa mpweya wa okosijeni, kuyesa kukana kukakamiza kwa thumba, kuyesa kutsitsa kwachikwama, kuyesa kwaukhondo ndi zina.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-17-2023